lmd_Codron2001.bib

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@article{2001JCli...14..730C,
  author = {{Codron}, F. and {Vintzileos}, A. and {Sadourny}, R.},
  title = {{Influence of Mean State Changes on the Structure of ENSO in a Tropical Coupled GCM.}},
  journal = {Journal of Climate},
  year = 2001,
  month = mar,
  volume = 14,
  pages = {730-742},
  abstract = {{This study examines the response of the climate simulated by the
Institut Pierre Simon Laplace tropical Pacific coupled general
circulation model to two changes in parameterization: an improved
coupling scheme at the coast, and the introduction of a saturation
mixing ratio limiter in the water vapor advection scheme, which improves
the rainfall distribution over and around orography. The main effect of
these modifications is the suppression of spurious upwelling off the
South American coast in Northern Hemisphere summer. Coupled feedbacks
then extend this warming over the whole basin in an El Ni{\~n}o-like
structure, with a maximum at the equator and in the eastern part of the
basin. The mean precipitation pattern widens and moves equatorward as
the trade winds weaken.This warmer mean state leads to a doubling of the
standard deviation of interannual SST anomalies, and to a longer ENSO
period. The structure of the ENSO cycle also shifts from westward
propagation in the original simulation to a standing oscillation. The
simulation of El Ni{\~n}o thus improves when compared to recent
observed events. The study of ENSO spatial structure and lagged
correlations shows that these changes of El Ni{\~n}o characteristics
are caused by both the increase of amplitude and the modification of the
spatial structure of the wind stress response to SST anomalies.These
results show that both the mean state and variability of the tropical
ocean can be very sensitive to biases or forcings, even geographically
localized. They may also give some insight into the mechanisms
responsible for the changes in ENSO characteristics due to decadal
variability or climate change.
}},
  doi = {10.1175/1520-0442(2001)014<0730:IOMSCO>2.0.CO;2},
  adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001JCli...14..730C},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@article{2001ClDy...17..187C,
  author = {{Codron}, F.},
  title = {{Sensitivity of the tropical Pacific to a change of orbital forcing in two versions of a coupled GCM}},
  journal = {Climate Dynamics},
  year = 2001,
  volume = 17,
  pages = {187-203},
  abstract = {{The changes of the variability of the tropical Pacific ocean forced by a
shift of six months in the date of the perihelion are studied using a
coupled tropical Pacific ocean/global atmosphere GCM. The sensitivity
experiments are conducted with two versions of the atmospheric model,
varied by two parametrization changes. The first one concerns the
interpolation scheme between the atmosphere and ocean models grids near
the coasts, the second one the advection of water vapor in the presence
of downstream negative temperature gradients, as encountered in the
vicinity of mountains. In the tropical Pacific region, the
parametrization differences only have a significant direct effect near
the coasts; but coupled feedbacks lead to a 1{\deg}C warming of the
equatorial cold tongue in the modified (version 2) model, and a widening
of the western Pacific large-scale convergence area. The sensitivity of
the seasonal cycle of equatorial SST is very different between the two
experiments. In both cases, the response to the solar flux forcing is
strongly modified by coupled interactions between the SST, wind stress
response and ocean dynamics. In the first version, the main feedback is
due to anomalous upwelling and leads to westward propagation of SST
anomalies; whereas the version 2 model is dominated by an
eastward-propagating thermocline mode. The main reason diagnosed for
these different behaviors is the atmospheric response to SST anomalies.
In the warmer climate simulated by the second version, the wind stress
response in the western Pacific is enhanced, and the off-equatorial curl
is reduced, both effects favoring eastward propagation through
thermocline depth anomalies. The modifications of the simulated seasonal
cycle in version 2 lead to a change in ENSO behavior. In the control
climate, the interannual variability in the eastern Pacific is dominated
by warm events, whereas cold events tend to be the more extreme ones
with a shifted perihelion.
}},
  doi = {10.1007/s003820000103},
  adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001ClDy...17..187C},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}